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cheung
09-10-2008, 09:18 PM
para suhu yth, ketemu lg di forum ini..
sy newbie di bidang koi ini, sy br 3 bln ini belajar piara koi...mohon petunjuk dr para pakar di kois...
gmn caranya mempertahankan warna putih pd koi? (kohaku sy seharusnya berwarna putih bersih, tp kenyataannya warnanya putih kekuningan). Trus gmn pula caranya menaikkan warna hitam pd kumonryu, shiro utsuri, showa? ( ikan2 sy tsb hitamnya msh blum klr dgn sempurna, apalagi kumonryu msh putih polos br ada sedikit bayang2 hitamnya).
mohon pencerahannya yaaaa..
thanks a lot lho sebelumnya :D :D

troy
09-10-2008, 10:10 PM
kalo emang kohakunya sebelum menguning sempat putih bersih,biasanya kena pengaruh makanan spirulina atau kondisi air kurang bagus.biasanya untuk mengembalikan shirojinya bisa dengan dipuasakan dahulu selama 2 hr trus dikasih makanan wheatgerm atau high silk,kalo kualitas ikannya bagus,seminggu aja udh kelihatan.suhu air kalo dingin juga menunjang pembentukan shiroji.
kalo showa atau shiro emang lebih baik dipelihara di air yg hardness nya agak tinggi.saya baru aja mengalami showa dan shiro saya suminya memudar setelah saya masukan dalam kolam baru,karena kolam baru saya airnya dari sumber pegunungan yang TDS nya relatif rendah.untuk hi nya malah semakin kinclong.kalo komunryu saya kebetulan tidak terjadi perubahan warna.

cheung
10-10-2008, 11:55 AM
thanks atas penjelasannya pa troy....
sorry ya krn sy msh pemula bangeut :oops:
Tlg donk dijelasin artinya shiroji? trus yg apa dimaksud dg 'dipelihara di air yg hardness nya agak tinggi'?
Dlm pikiran sy kualitas air ya tergantung air yg uda ada di rmh...nah itu, apakah ada cara u meningkatkan kualitas air?
sorry se x lg klu pertanyaannya terlalu byk

William Pantoni
10-10-2008, 12:12 PM
Tlg donk dijelasin artinya shiroji?

Utk istilah2 koi bisa dilihat disini...viewtopic.php?f=16&t=749 (http://www.koi-s.org/viewtopic.php?f=16&t=749)

Utk masalah kualitas air udah komplit di bahas disini..silahkan browse....
viewtopic.php?f=13&t=141&start=0 (http://www.koi-s.org/viewtopic.php?f=13&t=141&start=0)

cheung
10-10-2008, 02:14 PM
selain air apakah ada pakan yg bs menaikkan warna itam pd ikan? denger2 wheatgerm bs memberikan warna putih yg bagus, spirulina u warna merah... nah, u warna itam gmn donk?

troy
10-10-2008, 06:41 PM
shiroji=warna putih
sumi=warna hitam
hi=warna merah
saya belum pernah tau ada makanan yg bisa bikin warna hitam bisa cepet naik,ada yg bilang dikasih makanan yg high calcium,tp katanya bisa menimbulkan sashi.
kalo dr pengalaman saya pake hard water,biasanya pake air sumur.
pak cheung coba buka aja di kualitas air,disana udh dibahas sangat lengkap ttg air.

spirulina
12-10-2008, 05:42 AM
Trus gmn pula caranya menaikkan warna hitam pd kumonryu, shiro utsuri, showa? ( ikan2 sy tsb hitamnya msh blum klr dgn sempurna, apalagi kumonryu msh putih polos br ada sedikit bayang2 hitamnya).
mohon pencerahannya yaaaa..
thanks a lot lho sebelumnya :D :D

Khusus hitam dikumonryu dengan sendirinya akan menebal seiring waktu dan jangan aneh kalo suatu saat si kumon jadi polos putih nanti juga muncul lagi warnanya. :wink:

steamkoi
13-10-2008, 12:48 PM
selain air apakah ada pakan yg bs menaikkan warna itam pd ikan? denger2 wheatgerm bs memberikan warna putih yg bagus, spirulina u warna merah... nah, u warna itam gmn donk?

Om Untuk Awal2 saya sarankan pakan yang umum aja dulu :) Beli BreederPro diikuti dengan menjaga kualitas air..pastikan filter bekerja dengan baik.. :) saya rasa sudah cukup dengan pakan ini untuk mempertahankan warna ikan yang seharusnya :).

Nanti kalau sudah kembali normal dan ingin mendongkrak warna biar lebih tebal lagi . baru coba pakan2 dengan spesifikasi tertentu :) , Misal Sakai Wheatgerm untuk warna putih dan hitam dan sakai Color untuk warna merah dan orange/kuning :). dan ada merek2 lainnya baik lokal ataupun Import :)

Salam.

cheung
13-10-2008, 02:48 PM
selama ini sy cuman ngasih yg wheat germ aja (kadang onozomi, kadang hikari excel), spirulina blum dikasih. Apakah pakannya perlu diganti?
Sy pernah denger dr temen ktnya klu ikan suka makan lumut kemungkinan warnanya bs berubah agak kuning, bener ga ya kemungkinan kyk gitu?

valmh
14-10-2008, 09:24 AM
Ketika suhu turun warna hitam pada kumon akan sangat kuat, tapi jangan lupa kumon always tategoi jadi jangan kaget kalau dia berubah2 terus, artikel dibawah ini sedikit informasi tambahan tentang warna pada koi, semoga berguna :


The United Colors of Nishikigoi

By Dr. David Pool, Tetra Reprint courtesy of Nishikigoi International via Cascade Koi & Goldfish Club

The coloration and patterns of a Koi are in many cases, the thing that attracts people into the hobby of Koi keeping. These same two factors are also very important in determining the quality and therefore value of any particular fish.

Yet our understanding of fish and, particularly Koi, coloration is still and inexact science, which is plagued by theories, old wives tales and relatively few facts.

My aim here is to provide an overview Kai coloration and in doing so help to explain some of the mysterious changes you may have noticed in your own fish.

What makes color?

The coloration of a Kai is produced by three color pigments which are contained within cells called chromataphores. The three pigments are Erythrin (red), Melanin (black) and Xanthin (yellow), each of which occurs, in different chromataphores. Complementing the color pigment are irridocytes which can be best described as tiny reflective spheres within the skin.
All of the colors we see on our Kai are a mixture of these components. For example orange is a combination of red and yellow chromataphores; brown is a mixture of black and yellow and red is just the red chromataphores. If there are no chromataphores present the Koi will appear white due to the irridocytes However, the position of the irridocytes within the skin affects its reflective properties. If they are on the surface of the scales the Kai will have a silvery appearance. If they are in the lower layers of the skin the fish will have a mat color.

In certain cases, the irridocytes can combine with the chromataphores to produce reflective colors (e.g. gold on the surface). Blue is an unusual color in that it is a result of deep lying black pigment with irridocytes in the middle of layers of the skin. The irriclocytes interfere with the light to give a blue color.

Destiny of color

The chromatophores may be positioned on the surface of the skin (above the scales), immediately under the scales or deep in the skin. If the chromataphores are very dense the coloration will also appear dense, with the chromataphores on the surface of the skin blocking those below. However, the position of the chromataphores affects the 'stability' of the color. The chromataphores on the surface of the skin will often produce unstable coloration due to them being removed or spreading as the fish ages. Those deep in the skin are more stable and less likely to break up. The ideal is to have the some, dense color pigment in all layers of the skin. This results in both a dense and stable color.

Where does the color come from?

Koi cannot synthesize their own color pigment therefore they have to consume it. In wild conditions the color pigments would originate from eating algae, shrimps, snails etc, In the confines of a Kai pond there is insufficient of these different organisms to satisfy the Kai's requirements, therefore it is important to feed color-enhancing foods. As with all Koi feeds, it is important that the color enhancing food given is of high quality to ensure that the pigments are in a form that the fish can absorb into its body.

If color foods are not given to your Koi, the chromatophores would not be filled with pigment and the Koi will look pale or poorly colored. This can result in a Kai of high potential quality only looking mediocre. Feeding a color food would greatly enhance the appearance of such a Kai - but could not make a poor Kai great.

When the chromataphores are filled with pigment, the excess is passed through the Koi in the feces. It is possible to get white areas of the koi becoming pink due to a temporary build up of Erythrin. This pigment is not in a chromataphores and will quickly disappear as soon as the amount of color food given is reduced.


Aging

Each Kai is born with a fixed number of chromotaphores which remains relatively constant throughout its life. As the Kai ages and grows, these chromataphores, have to cover a larger area of skin therefore there is a tendency for the coloration to become paler (due to the chromataphores becoming less dense) or to fragment. This helps to explain why many stunning young Koi are not as attractive when they are slightly larger. Buying young fish from a known *high quality bloodline" usually means you are buying fish with more dense chromataphores, which results in the color remaining even when the Koi has grown.

In some varieties (e.g. Sanke and Showa) it is common for the pattern to change considerably as the fish grows due to the surface color fragmenting and revealing a deeper different color. When your Koi become very old they tend to become paler and in some cases turn white. This is the equivalent of our hair turning gray and cannot be reversed.


Changing Color

A chromatophore is a branched cell, within which the color pigment can be moved. The two extremes are that the pigment spreads though out the entire cell (which results in the Koi being the color of the cell) or it is concentrated in one small spot in the center (resulting in the background color showing through - usually pale or dark). The distribution of this pigment is affected by a number of different factors including:
Water Quality - Different water quality conditions can have a major impact on the coloration of the Koi. Raised levels of pollutants (e.g. ammonia, nitrite or nitrate) will cause the pigment to contract, resulting in the Koi losing its color. pH and hardness affect coloration differently, red pigment tends to spread in softer, more acidic water, whereas black pigment spreads in harder more alkaline water and vice versa.

Background Color - Although it is difficult to merge into the background when you are a red and white Koi, they do try to do so. Against a pale background the Koi contract the pigment to make themselves as, pale as possible. The opposite occurs when the Koi is next to a dark background, which is why blue vats are used at Koi shows to ensure each Koi looks at its best.

Treatments - Salt is often added to Koi ponds as a treatment or to control nitrite toxicity, however, it causes the pigment to concentrate resulting in poorer coloration. The same is true for antibiotics, whether added to the water or injected and malachite green based remedies.

Algae - Koi (and goldfish) which have lived in an algae rich, green pond often appear intensely colored due to the color pigment spreading in the chromataphores. This effect can be recreated without the "green water' by using Tetra Pond Koi Vital.

Temperature - At high summer temperatures pigments contract; at cool autumn and winter values they expand resulting in the koi looking at their best in the cooler months of the year.

This list could be continued, but hopefully some of the examples my help to explain color changes in your Koi which you have observed. Unfortunately these things don't happen in isolation, making it very difficult to ascertain exactly what caused the coloration of your Koi, this can only be remedied by more people making more accurate records of the coloration of their Koi and what happens when conditions change.

troy
14-10-2008, 07:19 PM
artikel yg bagus...
pak steam koi,apakah sakai wheatgerm bener2 bisa membantu menaikan warna hitam?

cheung
14-10-2008, 08:30 PM
u pa william thanks atas istilah2.. ( waduh pa istilah nya byk amat, ternyata miara koi ga gampang ... harus pake hafalan segala :P )
u pak steam koi thanks atas info pakan nya (nanti klu pakan sy abis mo donk cb2 pake sakai wheatgerm)
u pak valmh thanks atas artikelnya ( hehe... mudah2an ilmu sy uda bertambah sedikit :D )

di kolam sy ada 2 ekor kumonryu (1 lokal en 1 lg impor)... yg lokal uda keluar warna itam merata di kepala en ekor, di badan ada keluar itam tp msh bolong2 itamnya. yg impor sama sekali blum keluar warna itamnya.. hanya ada sedikit bayang2 itam di ekornya

troy
15-10-2008, 12:37 PM
ntar lama2 juga pasti hafal sendiri koq dgn istilah2 nya....pak cheung unt pembelajaran coba aja baca kokugyo,isinya sangat bermanfaat....

cheung
15-10-2008, 07:56 PM
ntar lama2 juga pasti hafal sendiri koq dgn istilah2 nya....pak cheung unt pembelajaran coba aja baca kokugyo,isinya sangat bermanfaat....
kokugyo itu apaan?? buku ttg koi? bs beli dmn?

troy
15-10-2008, 10:50 PM
iya...buku ttg koi...disana banyak diulas ttg detail2 dr koi yg bagus...mungkin bisa cari di dealer2 koi,kalo di toko buku kayaknya gak bakal nemu.
pak sunu kalo gak salah jual yg versi terjemahan bhs indo.